Dawnbridge

TI-84 Plus CE field manual for IB Math

AI HL only · 40 of 41

40

Euler's method for coupled systems

AI HL

Use sequence tables to apply Euler's method to two linked first-order differential equations.

Goal

Use Euler's method with step size h=0.2 for the coupled system x=y,  y=x0.4y,  x(0)=1,  y(0)=0. Approximate x(1) and y(1).

1

Press and switch from FUNCTION to SEQ. Also switch from SEQUENTIAL to SIMUL so the coupled recurrences update from the same previous row.

2

Press and use SEQ(n+1). Let u ( ) store time, v ( ) store x, and w ( ) store y. Enter nMin=0, u(n+1)=u(n)+0.2, u(0)=0, v(n+1)=v(n)+0.2w(n), v(0)=1, w(n+1)=w(n)+0.2(-v(n)-0.4w(n)), and w(0)=0. Type n with . In w(n+1) the leading sign inside the parentheses is a negative, not a subtraction: press (the (-) key) for it, and only for the -0.4w(n) term. The full key sequence is .

3

Open table setup with . Set both Indpnt and Depend to Ask. Then open the table with , type 5 in the n column, and press . Move across to v(n) and w(n), pressing on each cell to calculate both values.

NORMALFLOATAUTOREALRADIANMP
PRESS + FOR ΔTbl
nuvw510.638484-0.778863
w(5)=-0.77886259
Result

x(1)0.638 and y(1)−0.779.

Your turn

Work each one on your calculator, then check the answer.

  1. 1

    Use Euler's method with h=0.2 for x=0.5y,  y=−0.5x,  x(0)=2,  y(0)=0, to approximate x(1) and y(1).

  2. 2

    Use Euler's method with h=0.1 for x=y,  y=x0.5y,  x(0)=1,  y(0)=1, to approximate x(0.5) and y(0.5).

  3. 3

    A predator–prey system has x=0.4x0.1xy,  y=0.05xy0.2y with x(0)=10,  y(0)=5. Use Euler's method with h=0.1 to approximate x(0.5) and y(0.5).